Morphological and chemical analysis of magic mushrooms in Japan.
Kenji Tsujikawa, Tatsuyuki Kanamori, Yuko T Iwata, Yoshihito Ohmae, Ritsuko Sugita, Hiroyuki Inoue, Tohru Kishi
Forensic Science International December 17, 2003 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2003.08.009 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Observational study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Hallucinogenic mushrooms circulated in Japan |
| Topics | Psilocybin |
| Citations | 79 |
| Key findings | Psilocybe cubensis is psilocybin-rich, whereas Copelandia is psilocin-rich. |
Abstract
Morphological and toxicological analyses were performed on hallucinogenic mushrooms that are currently circulated in Japan. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated a three-dimensional microstructures in the mushrooms. The complementary use of SEM with an optical microscope was effective for observing characteristic tissues, such as basidiomycetes, spores, cystidia and basidia. Hallucinogenic alkaloids were extracted with methanol and determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a UV detector set at 220 nm. The psilocin/psilocybin contents in Psilocybe cubensis were in the range of 0.14-0.42%/0.37-1.30% in the whole mushroom (0.17-0.78%/0.44-1.35% in the cap and 0.09-0.30%/0.05-1.27% in the stem), respectively. The hallucinogenic alkaloids in Copelandia were 0.43-0.76%/0.08-0.22% in the whole mushroom (0.64-0.74%/0.02-0.22% in the cap and 0.31-0.78%/0.01-0.39% in the stem). It thus appears that P. cubensis is psilocybin-rich, whereas Copelandia is psilocin-rich.
Comparable studies
Other observational and cohort studies on psilocybin, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression: fMRI-measured brain mechanisms. Patients with treatment-resistant depression | 2017 | Observational cohort | n = 19 |
| Psychedelic effects of psilocybin correlate with serotonin 2A receptor occupancy and plasma psilocin levels Healthy volunteers | 2019 | Observational cohort | n = 8 |
| Increased spontaneous MEG signal diversity for psychoactive doses of ketamine, LSD and psilocybin Humans | 2017 | Observational study | |
| Classic psychedelic use is associated with reduced psychological distress and suicidality in the United States adult population. USA adult respondents from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2008-2012) | 2015 | Observational cohort | n = 190,000 |
| Prediction of Psilocybin Response in Healthy Volunteers Healthy volunteers | 2012 | Observational cohort | n = 409 |
Citations in the library
Cited by 38
- Microdosing psychedelics: Demographics, practices, and psychiatric comorbidities Journal of Psychopharmacology February 28, 2020
- Stability of psilocybin and its four analogs in the biomass of the psychotropic mushroom Psilocybe cubensis Drug Testing and Analysis October 29, 2020
- Microdosing psilocybin for chronic pain: a case series Pain September 5, 2022
- Extensive Collection of Psychotropic Mushrooms with Determination of Their Tryptamine Alkaloids International Journal of Molecular Sciences November 15, 2022
- The Determination of Psilocin and Psilocybin in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms by HPLC Utilizing a Dual Reagent Acidic Potassium Permanganate and Tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Chemiluminescence Detection System Journal of Forensic Sciences 2006
and 33 more in the library
Cites 10
- Hallucinogenic mushrooms on the German market - simple instructions for examination and identification. Forensic Science International September 11, 2000
- Extraction and analysis of indole derivatives from fungal biomass Journal of Basic Microbiology 1994
- Analysis of psilocybin and psilocin in Psilocybe subcubensis GUZMÁN by ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry Forensic Science International 1999
- Variation of psilocybin and psilocin levels with repeated flushes (harvests) of mature sporocarps of Psilocybe cubensis (earle) singer Journal of Ethnopharmacology May 1, 1982
- GLC-Mass Spectral Analysis of Psilocin and Psilocybin Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences May 1, 1977
and 5 more in the library