A systematic review of psychedelic use and its relationship with meaning and purpose in life

Abstract Background and Aims This systematic review examines the association between psychedelic use and enhanced life purpose and meaning, as assessed by the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) and the Purpose in Life Scale (PILS). Interest in psychedelics' therapeutic potential has grown, with some studies suggesting that these substances encourage meaningful psychological insights that contribute to well-being. This review aims to determine whether psychedelics positively impact users' sense of life purpose.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, using specific search terms, a comprehensive search was conducted in databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies were those examining psychedelics such as psilocybin, LSD, and ayahuasca and that reported results from MLQ or PILS. Studies were screened independently, and a narrative synthesis approach was adopted due to heterogeneity across designs.

Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing clinical, ritualistic, and recreational settings. Overall, results indicate a generally positive association between psychedelic use and an enhanced sense of life purpose, particularly in structured clinical or ritual contexts. Recreational use produced mixed outcomes; however, intentional use combined with mindfulness practices was linked to greater life meaning.

Conclusions: Psychedelics, particularly in structured settings, may enhance life's purpose. The evidence supports moderate certainty regarding these effects, though further randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify the role of specific contextual and individual factors in moderating these outcomes. These findings suggest potential applications in clinical settings for enhancing psychospiritual well-being.