Increased gray matter volume in the right angular and posterior parahippocampal gyri in loving-kindness meditators
Mei-Kei Leung, Chetwyn C H Chan, Jing Yin, Chack-Fan Lee, Kwok-Fai So, Tatia M C Lee
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience July 18, 2012 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nss076 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Cross-sectional study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 25 |
| Population | Men, including 10 LKM experts with at least 5 years of practice and 15 novices |
| Intervention | Loving-kindness meditation |
| Topics | Meditation |
| Keywords | Parahippocampal gyrus Voxel-based morphometry Empathy Posterior cingulate Cognition Magnetic resonance imaging Temporal lobe White matter Radiology |
| Citations | 145 |
| Key findings | Loving-kindness meditation experts had greater gray matter volume in the right angular and posterior parahippocampal gyri compared to novices. |
Abstract
Previous voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies have revealed that meditation is associated with structural brain changes in regions underlying cognitive processes that are required for attention or mindfulness during meditation. This VBM study examined brain changes related to the practice of an emotion-oriented meditation: loving-kindness meditation (LKM). A 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner captured images of the brain structures of 25 men, 10 of whom had practiced LKM in the Theravada tradition for at least 5 years. Compared with novices, more gray matter volume was detected in the right angular and posterior parahippocampal gyri in LKM experts. The right angular gyrus has not been previously reported to have structural differences associated with meditation, and its specific role in mind and cognitive empathy theory suggests the uniqueness of this finding for LKM practice. These regions are important for affective regulation associated with empathic response, anxiety and mood. At the same time, gray matter volume in the left temporal lobe in the LKM experts appeared to be greater, an observation that has also been reported in previous MRI meditation studies on meditation styles other than LKM. Overall, the findings of our study suggest that experience in LKM may influence brain structures associated with affective regulation.