Increased oxytocin concentrations and prosocial feelings in humans after ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) administration
Glenn Dumont, Fred C.g.j. Sweep, R. van der Steen, Rick Hermsen, A. Rogier T. Donders, Daan J Touw, Joop van Gerven, Jan K. Buitelaar, Robbert J. Verkes
Social Neuroscience June 25, 2009 DOI: 10.1080/17470910802649470 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial Placebo-controlled Double-blind Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 15 |
| Population | Healthy volunteers |
| Intervention | MDMA |
| Dose | 100 mg |
| Topics | MDMA |
| Keywords | Prosocial behavior Oxytocin Feeling Placebo Hallucinogen Developmental psychology |
| Citations | 238 |
| Key findings | MDMA induces oxytocin release in humans, and the increase in oxytocin is correlated with prosocial feelings more strongly than blood MDMA levels are. |
Abstract
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or "ecstasy") is a recreationally used drug with remarkable and characteristic prosocial effects. In spite of abundant attention in the scientific literature, the mechanism of its prosocial effects has not been elucidated in humans. Recently, research in animals has suggested that the neuropeptide oxytocin may induce these effects. In a double blind, randomized, crossover, and placebo-controlled study in 15 healthy volunteers we assessed blood oxytocin and MDMA concentrations and subjective prosocial effects after oral administration of 100 mg MDMA or placebo. MDMA induced a robust increase of blood oxytocin concentrations and an increase of subjective prosocial feelings. Within subjects, the variations in these feelings were significantly and positively correlated with variation in oxytocin levels, and the correlations between these feelings and oxytocin were significantly stronger than those between these feelings and blood MDMA levels. MDMA induces oxytocin release in humans, which may be involved in the characteristic prosocial effects of ecstasy.