The pharmacogenomics journal
April 24, 2026
Daniël T Coerts, Sanne Y Smith-Apeldoorn, Jérôme C Oude Nijhuis et al.
Oral esketamine displays therapeutic potential for treatment-resistant depression. However, treatment is complicated by a low and variable bioavailability. Genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes responsible for esketamine's metabolism may influence bioavailability. In a subsample of patients included in a placebo-controlled trial investigating repeated, low dose oral...
Pharmacogenomics
December 12, 2025
Jérôme C Oude Nijhuis, Daniël T Coerts, Jens H van Dalfsen et al.
Oral esketamine is a promising new therapy for treatment-resistant depression. However, concerns exist about interindividual pharmacokinetic variability. Genetic polymorphisms regulating the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters might influence bioavailability. Utilizing blood samples from a placebo-controlled trial investigating repeated, low dose oral esketamine (N = 18), we...
European Journal of Pharmacology
July 5, 2025
Jolien K E Veraart, Sanne Y Smith-Apeldoorn, Jeanine Kamphuis et al.
2 citations
Oral esketamine has relatively low and variable bioavailability, which may complicate broader use as an antidepressant. This study aimed to investigate associations between different pharmacokinetic outcomes and change in depressive symptoms following oral esketamine administration in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Understanding such associations may inform dosing and...
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
April 25, 2025
Jolien K E Veraart, Cornelis F Vos, Nieko C Punt et al.
2 citations
Background: Esketamine is a rapidly acting antidepressant with robust efficacy in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Diminishing therapeutic effects and attenuated side effects have been reported after long-term use. This study aimed to investigate its long-term pharmacokinetics and factors that may contribute to reduced efficacy over time in patients with TRD by evaluating the potential...
International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
June 25, 2021
Jolien K E Veraart, Sanne Y Smith-Apeldoorn, I. M. Bakker et al.
44 citations
Abstract Background The use of ketamine for depression has increased rapidly in the past decades. Ketamine is often prescribed as an add-on to other drugs used in psychiatric patients, but clear information on drug-drug interactions is lacking. With this review, we aim to provide an overview of the pharmacodynamic interactions between ketamine and mood stabilizers, benzodiazepines, monoamine...
BMC Psychiatry
November 29, 2019
Sanne Y Smith-Apeldoorn, Jolien K E Veraart, Jeanine Kamphuis et al.
There is an urgent need to develop additional treatment strategies for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The rapid but short-lived antidepressant effects of intravenous (IV) ketamine as a racemic mixture have been shown repeatedly in this population, but there is still a paucity of data on the efficacy and safety of (a) different routes of administration, and (b) ketamine's...
The Journal of emergency medicine
June 2012
Herve Vanden Eede, Leon J Montenij, Daan J Touw et al.
Ecstasy is a popular drug among young adults. It is often thought to be safe. The dose of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in a tablet of Ecstasy varies greatly, and there is also a difference in individual response to a dose of MDMA. To increase the awareness of potential mortality in MDMA use. We report the case of a patient with a lethal intoxication after pure MDMA intoxication. The...
Journal of Psychopharmacology
September 3, 2010
Gjh Dumont, J. G. Coen van Hasselt, M. de Kam et al.
38 citations
In Western societies a considerable percentage of young people expose themselves to the combination of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’) and cannabis. The aim of the present study was to assess the acute effects of co-administration of MDMA and THC (the main psychoactive compound of cannabis) on pharmacokinetics, psychomotor performance, memory and subjective experience over...
Social Neuroscience
June 25, 2009
Glenn Dumont, Fred C.g.j. Sweep, R. van der Steen et al.
238 citations
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or "ecstasy") is a recreationally used drug with remarkable and characteristic prosocial effects. In spite of abundant attention in the scientific literature, the mechanism of its prosocial effects has not been elucidated in humans. Recently, research in animals has suggested that the neuropeptide oxytocin may induce these effects. In a double blind,...
Journal of Psychopharmacology
January 22, 2009
Gjh Dumont, Rik C. Schoemaker, Daan J Touw et al.
37 citations
In Western societies, a considerable percentage of young people use 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’). The use of alcohol (ethanol) in combination with ecstasy is common. The aim of the present study was to assess the acute psychomotor and subjective effects of (co-) administration of MDMA and ethanol over time and in relation to the pharmacokinetics. We performed a...