A structured group psychotherapy model called "El Juego de la Atención" (The Attention Game), developed by Marly Kuenerz over 35 years, was evaluated in 215 participants (18% men, 82% women, average age 43.2 years). One year after the intervention, participants showed a statistically significant improvement in emotional stability (the opposite pole of neuroticism in the Big Five model), with a large effect size (Cohen's d = 0.82). These changes align with the general factor of personality, indicating a healthier, better-developed adult temperament and reduced psychopathology.
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) combines mindfulness with cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression. Originally developed to prevent relapse in patients with recurrent depression, its use has expanded to a broader range of people and settings. The article reviews the cognitive model of depression underlying MBCT and its theoretical premises, then examines empirical evidence for its effectiveness and mechanisms of action. Research consistently shows that MBCT improves well-being in clinical populations, and a growing number of studies reveal similar positive effects in healthy adults. Consistent with theoretical predictions, the mechanisms mediating change after MBCT include increases in mindfulness skills, meta-awareness, and self-compassion, along with reductions in worry and rumination.
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is linked to greater emotional stability, treatment adherence, and improved neurocognitive functioning in people with bipolar disorder, especially those who have experienced more than 12 lifetime affective episodes. A literature review of 10 studies examined MBCT's effectiveness for bipolar disorder after it was adapted from its original use for major depression. The review suggests MBCT helps address neurocognitive deficits that interfere with managing affective symptoms, interpersonal relationships, and self-regulation.