International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
June 11, 2026
Gulcin Itirli Aslan, Prof. Dr. Kürşat Şahin Yildirimer
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) are effective for reducing anxiety, depression, and stress. A narrative review of studies from 1982 to 2025 found clinically significant effects on anxiety (d = 0.63), depression (d = 0.59), and stress (d = 0.51). MBCT reduces depressive relapse risk by about 44% compared to usual care for patients with three or more prior episodes. Neuroimaging shows structural brain changes in the prefrontal cortex, insula, and hippocampus with sustained practice. Effectiveness depends on intervention duration, practice consistency, and baseline emotional regulation capacity.
International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
March 31, 2026
Bilambita Banisudha PhD, Shravan Shravan
The core doctrine of the Nijananda Sampradāya, Tārtam Vāṇī, authored by Mahāmati Prannāth Ji (1618–1694), is one of the most intricate symbolic and esoteric works of early modern North India. It expresses complex esoteric principles regarding the soul, heavenly truth, and cosmic order through multifaceted poetic metaphors, synthesising Indic, Islamic, and vernacular literary traditions. A hermeneutic, literary, and comparative examination of chosen song verses reveals that symbolism serves as an essential vehicle for conveying doctrinal knowledge and influencing devotional awareness, demonstrating the persistent significance of symbolic communication in articulating transcendent spiritual truths that surpass sectarian or cultural boundaries.
International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
January 31, 2026
Itryah Itryah, Adek Tri Hartati
A quasi-experimental study with thirty-four tenth-grade vocational students found that six sessions of mindfulness training—including box breathing, loving-kindness meditation, mindful eating, and mindful walking—significantly reduced academic stress before exams. The experimental group showed a significant drop in stress measured by the DASS-42, while the control group showed no change. The findings suggest mindfulness can help students manage exam-related stress and may be useful in school counseling programs.
International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
March 21, 2022
Dr. Kalo Sona Roy
Advaita Vedanta holds that Brahman, the ultimate reality characterized as eternal existence, consciousness, and bliss, is unknown and unknowable through any source of cognition (pramana). While ordinary knowledge involves a relationship between knower, known object, and means of cognition at the empirical level, Brahman transcends this framework. The paper examines how Advaita epistemology treats cognition as conditioned consciousness at the lower level, with mental modifications (vrittis) taking the form of objects. Notably, Advaita teachers deny any direct relationship between knowledge (pramiti) and Brahman, yet admit a relationship between the means of cognition (pramana) and Brahman, and accept a mental modification taking the form of Brahman (brahmakara antahkaranavrtti), secondarily called brahmajnana.
International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
December 14, 2021
Dr. Kalo Sona Roy
Gaudapada, the teacher of Sankara, admits only transcendental reality, considering duality an illusion, and guides from gross to subtle reality, a gradual unfolding mirrored in meditation. Sankara develops both Advaita metaphysics and epistemology, holding that the source of cognition is a mental mode (antahkaranavrtti) that removes ignorance of the object, with the final mode being Brahmakara antahkaranavrtti. Advaita epistemology involves a gradual unfolding of mental modes. Sankara advocates three levels of reality—transcendental, empirical, and apparent—where all objects are real at their own level, teaching a gradual unfolding of reality.
International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
November 17, 2023
Huong, Xuan Vu (PhD)
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) reduces current symptoms of depression and lowers the risk of relapse to a similar extent as maintenance antidepressants. Neuroimaging studies show functional brain changes that correlate with clinical improvements after MBCT. Delivery methods are expanding to include online platforms and applications, while traditional in-person settings are being optimized. Limitations include issues with patient diversity, teaching quality, cost-effectiveness, and accessibility. Further research on implementation is needed to broaden MBCT's scope and enhance its effectiveness in different care settings.