Scientific interest in psychedelics, documented since the nineteenth century, has recently resurged after decades of prohibition. Contemporary research highlights their therapeutic potential in treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders, alongside their heuristic value for studying brain networks and consciousness. This chapter reviews the historical trajectory, traditional uses, mechanisms of...
Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a chronic, relapsing mental health condition characterized by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequences. According to the World Health Organization, in 2021, approximately 39.5 million individuals worldwide suffered from drug use disorders, contributing to an estimated 600,000 deaths annually. Moreover, current pharmacological treatment, such as...
Psychedelic drugs, known for their profound effects on perception, cognition, and emotion, have long captivated scientific, cultural, and therapeutic interest. Following the discovery of LSD’s psychoactive properties in 1943, research surged into its therapeutic potential and the nature of consciousness. However, the integration of psychedelics into the 1960s counterculture led to moral panic,...
Pharmaceutical ScienceAugust 27, 2025Guilllermo Castaño-perez, Sara Isabel Castaño-ocampo
The resurgence of research on the use of psychedelic substances for the treatment of mental disorders and addictions has generated significant interest in the scientific and clinical communities. This chapter examines the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and limitations of psychedelics in the treatment of these conditions. Studies investigating the use of psychedelics as monotherapy...
Psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide upset the brain networks involved in self-awareness and emotion and may lead to altered perception, cognition, and social behaviour, although unsupervised use is still dangerous due to their unpredictable psychological and physiological effects. These drugs cause emotions to be amplified, the ego to dissolve, and sensory vividness...
Ayahuasca is a traditional Amazonian brew composed primarily of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis, drawing increasing interest for its psychedelic effects and potential therapeutic applications. Its pharmacological action is based on the synergistic combination of β-carbolines (harmine, tetrahydroharmine, and harmaline), which act as reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A...