Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
October 22, 2026
C Austin Zamarripa, Tory R Spindle, Dustin C Lee et al.
Co-use of smoked/vaped tobacco and cannabis is increasing with expanding legalization, yet controlled clinical studies examining mechanisms underlying co-use remain limited. This study evaluated whether acute smoked cannabis influences subsequent use ("chasing") of combustible cigarettes and e-cigarettes among people who use cannabis, cigarettes, and e-cigarettes. Twenty adults who used...
Current Neuropharmacology
August 31, 2026
Harrison J. Elder, Bryan W. Jenkins, C. Austin Zamarripa et al.
Introduction: This narrative review systematically examines the available empirical evidence for interactions between delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC or THC) and C. sativa’s other phytochemical constituents hypothesized to underpin the popular yet controversial notion of ‘entourage effects’ experienced with botanical cannabis. Many relevant preclinical and clinical studies have been...
JAMA Network Open
May 1, 2026
C Austin Zamarripa, Spencer Lin, Mckenna Klausner et al.
Simultaneous cannabis and alcohol use (co-use) is a public safety concern. Controlled data on the effects of co-ingestion of oral cannabis products (edibles) with alcohol are lacking, despite an increased prevalence of this behavior. To evaluate the individual and interactive effects of cannabis edibles and alcohol on simulated driving and subjective and objective impairment measures. This...
Neuropsychopharmacology
November 1, 2025
Justin C Strickland, Hayleigh E Tilton, Noah M Patton et al.
Cannabis products premixed with caffeine are increasingly present in the United States marketplace. Despite emergence of this product class, no human laboratory data have directly evaluated the isolated impact of caffeine on Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) effects as well as additional impacts of other common co-administered cannabinoids. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled,...
Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids
June 25, 2025
Lakshmi Kumar, Tory R Spindle, C. Austin Zamarripa et al.
Introduction: Cannabis contains hundreds of chemical constituents beyond delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), which is thought to be the primary driver of most of its acute pharmacodynamic effects. The entourage effect theory asserts that the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of cannabis are not solely attributable to Δ9-THC but are influenced by other constituents, such as minor...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
February 26, 2023
Ashley N Dowd, C Austin Zamarripa, Dennis J Sholler et al.
Background: Cannabis-infused products available for oral consumption include food and drink items (i.e., edibles) (e.g., baked goods, gummy-, chocolate-, and hard-candies, beverages/drinks) as well as non-food formulations (e.g., oils/tinctures, pills/capsules). This study characterized the motives, opinions, and subjective experiences associated with the use of these seven subtypes of oral...
JAMA Network Open
February 1, 2023
C Austin Zamarripa, Tory R Spindle, Renuka Surujunarain et al.
Controlled clinical laboratory studies have shown that cannabidiol (CBD) can sometimes attenuate or exacerbate the effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). No studies have evaluated differences in pharmacokinetics (PK) of Δ9-THC and pharmacodynamics (PD) between orally administered cannabis extracts that vary with respect to Δ9-THC and CBD concentrations. To compare the PK and PD of orally...