Abstract Background Maladaptive motivational memory (MMM) is the term given to a learned association between environmental predictors of reward (cues) and the receipt of rewarding stimuli (reward). A key characteristic of MMMs is that they drive excessive consumption behaviours in a variety of disorders such as substance use disorders (SUDs) and behavioural addictions. MMMs underlie the...
A significant obstacle to an improved understanding of pathological dissociative and psychosis-like states is the lack of readily implemented pharmacological models of these experiences. Ketamine has dissociative and psychotomimetic effects but can be difficult to use outside of medical and clinical-research facilities. Alternatively, nitrous oxide (N2O) — like ketamine, a dissociative...