N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists, including ketamine, phencyclidine (PCP), and dizocilpine (MK-801), are an important class of drugs that can produce antidepressant, hallucinogenic, dissociative, psychotomimetic, and anesthetic effects in humans and animal models. To understand the effects of NMDAR antagonists on the brain, it is essential to map their actions at cellular...
Abstract Background Ketamine is an anesthetic and antidepressant drug. However, whether ketamine can induce neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral deficits remains largely unknown. Delirium is a syndrome of acute brain dysfunction that is very similar to the presentation after ketamine administration. The onset of postoperative delirium in patients is often accompanied by elevated tau in...