Abstract The primary objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges involved in detecting ancient ayahuasca, a traditional hallucinogenic drink from the Amazon region, which is prepared using Banisteriopsis caapi liana and other plants, by utilizing advanced analytical techniques. The presence of harmine and harmaline in Andean archaeological findings has led...
Indians of the Amazon-especially of the northwest Amazon -and of adjacent parts of the Orinoco have employed various species of the myristicaceous genus Virola for many years as the bases of hallucinogenic preparations.A resin-like liquid of the inner bark of the trees is elaborated into an intoxicating snuff and is prepared in pellets for oral consumption; it is even on occasion ingested raw...