To elucidate the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-like discrimina-tive stimulus effects of 4F-ABUTINACA and to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic 4F-ABUTINACA administration. A THC drug discrimination procedure was employed in six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to assess the THC-like discriminative stimulus effects of 4F-ABUTINACA and to...
Following the emergence of methylone as one of the most popular synthetic cathinones, this group of novel psychoactive substance with names ending in "-lone," such as dibutylone, ethylone, and N-ethylpentylone, appeared on the recreational drug market. The pharmacological mechanisms of dibutylone, ethylone, and N-ethylpentylone are well understood; however, to date, the reinforcing effects of...
2-Fluorodeschloroketamine (2-FDCK) as a substitute for ketamine has emerged among drug abusers in recent years. However, 2-FDCK has not been controlled or regulated in many countries, which may be partly related to the lack of evidence on its abuse potential. In this study, we evaluated the abuse potential of 2-FDCK via the tests of the conditioned place preference (CPP), locomotor...