A review of nine small clinical trials found that ayahuasca and psilocybin, when used to treat major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression, are associated with changes in several biological markers. These include increased serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, decreased serum C-reactive protein, altered amygdala activation, and changes in functional connectivity between brain regions such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex. These associations suggest potential mechanisms of clinical response, but larger, longer-term studies are needed to confirm these findings.
A 10-week trial of Mindfulness-Based Boxing Therapy (MBBT) for adults with major depressive disorder or generalized anxiety disorder showed high retention (89%), attendance (84%), and satisfaction (98%). Among eight outpatients in Toronto, depression scores dropped 54%, anxiety 51%, and distress 36%, while mindfulness increased 79%. Participants reported benefits including cathartic release, improved self-esteem, and a sense of community. The authors conclude that MBBT is feasible and acceptable as an exercise-based intervention, but caution that larger randomized trials are needed to confirm clinical benefits.