Ketamine can rapidly reduce depression and suicidal thoughts in treatment-resistant depression, but its effectiveness for bipolar depression is less certain. An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 studies, including 7 in the meta-analysis, found that a single ketamine infusion significantly improved depression symptoms measured by the MADRS scale at 1 and 2 days. Non-randomized studies showed a 53% response rate at study endpoint. Response and remission rates were similar for single versus serial infusions. The rate of switching to mania was about 2.4%. Evidence for esketamine in bipolar depression remains limited and based on small, non-randomized studies.
A new EEG-based emotion recognition framework achieved 98.18% classification accuracy in distinguishing neural activity during Hare Krishna mantra meditation, Kirtan (musical rendition), and a resting control condition. The study used a 32-channel headset and applied Enhanced Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique, Savitzky-Golay filtering, and Independent Component Analysis for signal processing. A Hybrid Burg-Hilbert Transform extracted spectral-temporal features, classified by an Optimized Bidirectional Gated Squeeze-Excited Network. Statistical tests confirmed significant differences in alpha and theta brain activity across conditions. Right-hemisphere coherence characterized meditation, while left-frontal engagement marked Kirtan. The findings suggest distinct neural profiles for devotional practices, with potential therapeutic applications for stress, anxiety, and depression.