Intravenous ketamine has emerged as a rapid-acting antidepressant intervention that has shown promising effects in patients with treatment-resistant depression, although evidence remains heterogeneous and less well established across diagnostic subtypes. Nevertheless, real-world data comparing diagnostic subtypes and sex-related differences remain limited. This observational study examined the...
Aggression, anger, and irritability emerge from dysregulated interactions between prefrontal and limbic circuits, with serotonin (5-HT) exerting a central regulatory influence. Among serotonergic targets, the 5-HT2A receptor has emerged as a key modulator of aggressive behavior. Convergent neuroimaging, postmortem, and preclinical studies consistently implicate heightened prefrontal 5-HT2A...
Treating depression in adolescents is a significant challenge, and major depressive disorder (MDD) with suicidal ideation and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are common and potentially devastating to optimal psychological and physical development in this age group. Suicide is among the leading causes of youth mortality, and TRD occurs in up to 40% of adolescents with MDD. TRD involves...