Brain and BehaviorAugust 30, 2026Waqar Husain, Achraf Ammar, Urwa‐Tul Wusqa et al.
BACKGROUND: Religious and spiritual practices are among the most ancient and universal human behaviors, yet their neurobiological substrates remain incompletely characterized. Neurotheology-the scientific study of the relationship between spiritual experience and brain function-has produced growing evidence that such practices generate measurable, systematic, and neuroplastic changes in brain...
The quest to comprehend the nature of reality and the essence of selfhood has long animated metaphysical inquiry across civilizations. The current discourse presents the concept of Wahdat-al-Khayāl (Unity of Thought) as the foundational ontology. By critically engaging with classical metaphysical frameworks of Wahdat-al-Wujūd (Unity of Being) and Wahdat-al-Shuhūd (Unity of Witnessing), this...