Mindfulness and nocturnal rumination are independently associated with symptoms of insomnia and depression during pregnancy.
Sleep Health March 4, 2020 D. Kalmbach, T. Roth, P. Cheng et al.
Among 65 pregnant women recruited from a Detroit hospital, over half screened positive for clinical insomnia and 12% for major depression. Women who reported higher everyday mindfulness had less nocturnal rumination, fewer insomnia symptoms, and fewer depressive symptoms, with large effect sizes. In regression analyses, both lower mindfulness and higher nocturnal rumination were independently associated with greater insomnia and depression. The authors suggest that mindfulness may protect against stress-related perinatal complications, while ruminating in bed at night is strongly linked to insomnia and depression during pregnancy.