Ibogaine Detoxification Transitions Opioid and Cocaine Abusers Between Dependence and Abstinence: Clinical Observations and Treatment Outcomes.
Deborah C. Mash, Linda Duque, Bryan Page, Kathleen Allen-Ferdinand
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2018 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00529 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Open-label case series Case report Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 191 |
| Population | Human volunteers seeking to detoxify from opioids or cocaine |
| Intervention | Ibogaine |
| Duration | Inpatient detoxification with one-month follow-up |
| Topics | Ibogaine Addiction |
| Keywords | Detoxification Opioid dependence Ibogaine therapy: ibogaine Valuable tool Diminished withdrawal Move towards abstinence Intense drug craving |
| Citations | 109 |
| Key findings | Ibogaine therapy administered in a safe dose range diminishes opioid withdrawal symptoms and reduces drug cravings. |
Abstract
Ibogaine may be effective for transitioning opioid and cocaine dependent individuals to sobriety. American and European self-help groups provided public testimonials that ibogaine alleviated drug craving and opioid withdrawal symptoms after only a single dose administration. Preclinical studies in animal models of addiction have provided proof-of-concept evidence in support of these claims. However, the purported therapeutic benefits of ibogaine are based on anecdotal reports from a small series of case reports that used retrospective recruitment procedures. We reviewed clinical results from an open label case series (N = 191) of human volunteers seeking to detoxify from opioids or cocaine with medical monitoring during inpatient treatment. Whole blood was assayed to obtain pharmacokinetic measures to determine the metabolism and clearance of ibogaine. Clinical safety data and adverse events (AEs) were studied in male and female subjects. There were no significant adverse events following administration of ibogaine in a dose range that was shown to be effective for blocking opioid withdrawal symptoms in this study. We used multi-dimensional craving questionnaires during inpatient detoxification to test if ibogaine was effective in diminishing heroin and cocaine cravings. Participants also completed standardized questionnaires about their health and mood before and after ibogaine treatment, and at program discharge. One-month follow-up data were reviewed where available to determine if ibogaine's effects on drug craving would persist outside of an inpatient setting. We report here that ibogaine therapy administered in a safe dose range diminishes opioid withdrawal symptoms and reduces drug cravings. Pharmacological treatments for opioid dependence include detoxification, narcotic antagonists and long-term opioid maintenance therapy. Our results support product development of single oral dose administration of ibogaine for the treatment of opioid withdrawal during medically supervised detoxification to transition drug dependent individuals to abstinence.
In the evidence
This study is part of the evidence base for a synthesis in the library. Here is how each one recorded it.
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Ibogaine in a monitored inpatient setting produced no significant adverse events and was reported effective for blocking opioid withdrawal and reducing heroin and cocaine cravings.
Synthesized
Comparable studies
Other non-randomized and open-label trials on ibogaine for addiction, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Medication Development of Ibogaine as a Pharmacotherapy for Drug Dependencea. Cocaine-dependent patients | 1998 | Rising tolerance study (Phase I trial) | |
| Safety of ibogaine administration in detoxification of opioid-dependent individuals: a descriptive open-label observational study. Patients with opioid use disorder on opioid maintenance treatment who failed to reach... | 2022 | Open-label observational study | n = 14 |
| Feasibility, safety and preliminary effects of ibogaine in patients with moderate and severe alcohol use disorder: a pilot, open-label study Adults with moderate to severe alcohol use disorder | 2026 | Open-label pilot feasibility study | n = 9 |
| Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder After Ibogaine Treatment for Opioid Dependence. One healthy adult volunteer | 2018 | Case study (open-label trial, single subject) | n = 1 |
Citations in the library
Cited by 83
- Ibogaine treatment outcomes for opioid dependence from a twelve-month follow-up observational study. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2018
- Psychedelic therapy in the treatment of addiction: the past, present and future Frontiers in Psychiatry June 12, 2023
- Psychedelic Treatment for Trauma-Related Psychological and Cognitive Impairment Among US Special Operations Forces Veterans Chronic Stress August 12, 2020
- Ibogaine Administration Modifies GDNF and BDNF Expression in Brain Regions Involved in Mesocorticolimbic and Nigral Dopaminergic Circuits. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2019
- A systematic literature review of clinical trials and therapeutic applications of ibogaine. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment July 1, 2022
and 78 more in the library
Cites 24
- Treatment of acute opioid withdrawal with ibogaine. American Journal on Addictions 1999
- Effects of iboga alkaloids on morphine and cocaine self-administration in rats: relationship to tremorigenic effects and to effects on dopamine release in nucleus accumbens and striatum. Brain Research September 19, 1994
- The ibogaine medical subculture. Journal of Ethnopharmacology January 4, 2008
- A preliminary investigation of ibogaine: case reports and recommendations for further study. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 1994
- Treatment of opioid use disorder with ibogaine: detoxification and drug use outcomes. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2018
and 19 more in the library