State-dependency effects on TMS: a look at motive phosphene behavior.
Umer Najib, Jared C Horvath, Juha Silvanto, Álvaro Pascual-Leone
Journal of Visualized Experiments December 28, 2010 DOI: 10.3791/2273 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Experimental proposal Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Intervention | Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) |
| Key findings | Proposes an experiment to examine "state dependency" in TMS by eliciting motive phosphenes through stimulation of the V1/V2 and V5/MT+ visual regions and assessing their subjective experience, based on the premise that TMS effects vary with the baseline condition of the targeted cortical area. |
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neurostimulatory and neuromodulatory technique that can transiently or lastingly modulate cortical excitability (either increasing or decreasing it) via the application of localized magnetic field pulses. Within the field of TMS, the term state dependency refers to the initial, baseline condition of the particular neural region targeted for stimulation. As can be inferred, the effects of TMS can (and do) vary according to this primary susceptibility and responsiveness of the targeted cortical area. In this experiment, we will examine this concept of state dependency through the elicitation and subjective experience of motive phosphenes. Phosphenes are visually perceived flashes of small lights triggered by electromagnetic pulses to the visual cortex. These small lights can assume varied characteristics depending upon which type of visual cortex is being stimulated. In this particular study, we will be targeting motive phosphenes as elicited through the stimulation of V1/V2 and the V5/MT+ complex visual regions.