A Philosophical Analysis of Neuroenergetics
Robert G. Shulman
Frontiers in Neuroenergetics 2011 DOI: 10.3389/fnene.2011.00006 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Citations | 4 |
| Key points | Argues that interpreting neuroimaging as mapping mental processes onto the brain is misguided because persons, not brains, perform observable activities, and neuroimaging has not located the postulated modular brain activities. Proposes that a philosophy of Mechanisms, focusing on multi-level metabolic and energetic mechanisms actually measured in neuroimaging, offers a better explanation, illustrated by relations between cerebral energetics and stimulus responses in disorders of consciousness. |
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies measure cerebral rates of glucose and oxygen consumption yet they are often interpreted to support philosophical positions about mental processes presumed to represent behavior. Cognitive Neuroscience has claimed that Neuroimaging resolves Descartes’ dualism of Mind and Matter by mapping such presumed mental processes onto the brain. Bennett & Hacker point out that this is nonsense because a person, not the brain, performs observable activities such as remembering, planning or voting. This analysis is supported by the continuing inability of neuroimaging to locate the modular brain activities postulated to perform mental activity. Pragmatist philosophy emphasizes that such postulated representations are contingent hypothesis invented to deal with the world in everyday life and are not definable as proposed by Cognitive Neuroscience. A recent philosophy of Mechanisms, reflecting what biologists actually do when explaining observable phenomena, looks for explanations not from postulated representations but from multi-level, multi-disciplinary mechanisms of metabolism and energetics which are actually measured in neuroimaging. The value of this philosophy is illustrated by the experimental relations between cerebral energetics in disorders of consciousness and the response to stimuli.