Determination of tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol contents in Cannabis sativa L. samples in Togo using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Kodjo Eloh, Alfa Komi, Oudjaniyobi Simalou, Chris Janiba Sanvee Sabrina, Marie‐France Bakaï, Hèzouwè Kagnou, Pierluigi Caboni
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research October 9, 2023 DOI: 10.5897/jmpr2023.7313 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Observational laboratory analysis Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Cannabis sativa L. plant samples collected from various towns in Togo |
| Topics | Cannabis CBD |
| Citations | 3 |
| Key findings | THC was the major phytocannabinoid in all thirteen Togolese cannabis samples, ranging from 37.73 to 87.9% with maceration and 39.09 to 84.54% with sonication, while CBD ranged from 1.36 to 4.07% and 1.79 to 5.03%, respectively. The authors conclude that cannabis consumed in Togo has high THC concentrations and that maceration extracts more THC while sonication extracts more CBD. |
Abstract
Cannabis sativa L. is a widely used recreational drug in Togo, especially among young people. However, little is known about its chemical composition in Sub-Saharan Africa, and specifically in Togo. This study aimed to determine the levels of phytocannabinoids, specifically Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), in cannabis samples collected from various towns in Togo using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirteen cannabis samples were extracted with hexane using maceration and ultrasound to isolate phytocannabinoids, and a quick 24-min gas chromatographic separation method was used to analyse the extracts. THC, CBD, and cannabinol (CBN) were the major components identified in the samples. THC content ranged from 37.73±0.31 to 87.9±1.30% for maceration and from 39.09±2.17 to 84.54±0.80% for sonication, while CBD content varied from 1.36±0.27 to 4.07±0.23% for maceration and from 1.79±0.12 to 5.03±0.90% for sonication. These results indicate that cannabis consumed in Togo has high concentrations of THC and that maceration and sonication is more likely to extract THC and CBD, respectively. The findings could provide important information for the authorities in Togo to assess the extent of THC exposure among cannabis consumers in the country. Key words: Cannabis sativa L., cannabidiol, phytocannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol, solvent extraction.
Comparable studies
Other observational and cohort studies on CBD, most cited first.
Citations in the library
Cites 4
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- THC and CBD: Villain versus Hero? Insights into Adolescent Exposure. International Journal of Molecular Sciences March 9, 2023
- Acute induction of anxiety in humans by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol related to amygdalar cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptors. Scientific Reports November 3, 2017
- The acute effects of synthetic intravenous Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on psychosis, mood and cognitive functioning. Psychological Medicine October 2009