Psicosis inducida por cannabis: características clínicas y su diferenciación con la esquizofrenia con y sin consumo de cannabis asociado
David Rentero Martín, F. Árias, Sergio Sánchez-Romero, Gabriel Rubio, Roberto Rodríguez–Jiménez
Adicciones July 14, 2020 DOI: 10.20882/adicciones.1251 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Observational cohort Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 307 |
| Population | Inpatients with psychosis |
| Topics | Cannabis CBD |
| Keywords | Psychosis Schizophrenia object-oriented programming Mania Effects of cannabis Bipolar disorder Cognition |
| Citations | 13 |
| Key findings | Cannabis use was associated with earlier first admission for psychosis, and cannabis-induced psychosis patients showed fewer negative symptoms and more mania than schizophrenia patients with cannabis use. |
Abstract
Cannabis use is considered an established risk factor for psychosis development. Differentiating between cannabis-induced disorders and schizophrenia is useful for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. Three inpatients groups were differentiated: cannabis-induced psychosis (CIP) (n = 69; mean age = 27.4, SD = 6.5; 82.6% males), schizophrenia with cannabis abuse or dependence (SZ + CB) (n = 57; mean age = 31.9, SD = 10.1; 94.7% males) and schizophrenia without cannabis abuse or dependence (SZ) (n = 181; mean age = 41.8, SD = 13.3; 54.1% males). The Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM-IV) scale was used to differentiate induced psychosis. The CIP group presented lower mean scores on the negative PANSS subscale (M = 12.9, SD = 5.9; F = 32.24, p < 0.001), fewer auditory hallucinations (60.3%; X² = 6.60, p = 0.037) and greater presence of mania (26.1% vs. 12.3%; X² = 32.58, p < 0.001) than the SZ + CB group. There were few clinical differences between patients with schizophrenia, regardless of previous cannabis use. The age of first admission due to psychosis was lower in both psychotic inpatients groups with cannabis use (M = 26.1, SD = 6.4 in CIP and M = 25.3, SD = 6.2 in SZ + CB; X² = 20.02, p < 0,001). A clinical pattern characteristic of cannabis-induced psychosis was not observed, but the precipitating role of cannabis in the appearance of psychotic symptoms was demonstrated, given the lower age of first admission due to psychosis in cannabis user groups.