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Propofol dose and incidence of dreaming during sedation.

Audrey Singyi Eer, Usha Padmanabhan, Kate Leslie

European journal of anaesthesiology October 2009 DOI: 10.1097/eja.0b013e32832c500c (opens in new tab)

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Characteristics Observational cohort Peer reviewed
Sample size 200
Population Adults presenting for elective outpatient colonoscopy
Interventions Propofol Midazolam Fentanyl
Measures Bispectral index (BIS), Observers' Assessment of Alertness/Sedation score
Topics Dreaming
Key findings Dreaming was reported by 19% of colonoscopy patients sedated with propofol-based regimens. Dreamers received higher propofol doses and had lower BIS values. Independent predictors included age 50 or younger, preoperative quality-of-recovery score below 14, higher home dream recall, propofol dose above 300 mg, and time to an Observers' Assessment of Alertness/Sedation score of 5 of 8 minutes or less.

Abstract

Dreaming is commonly reported after propofol-based sedation. We measured the incidence of dreaming and bispectral index (BIS) values in colonoscopy patients sedated with combinations of propofol, midazolam and fentanyl. Two hundred patients presenting for elective outpatient colonoscopy were sedated with combinations of propofol, midazolam and fentanyl. BIS was monitored throughout the procedure. Patients were interviewed immediately after they emerged from sedation. The primary end point was a report of dreaming during sedation. Ninety-seven patients were administered propofol alone, 44 were administered propofol and fentanyl, 16 were administered propofol and midazolam and 43 were administered propofol, midazolam and fentanyl. Dreaming was reported by 19% of patients. Dreamers received higher doses of propofol and had lower BIS values during sedation. Age of 50 years or less, preoperative quality of recovery score of less than 14, higher home dream recall, propofol dose of more than 300 mg and time to Observers' Assessment of Alertness/Sedation score equalling 5 of 8 min or less were independent predictors of dreaming. Dreaming during sedation is associated with higher propofol dose and lower BIS values.

Comparable studies

Other observational and cohort studies on dreaming, most cited first.

Study Year Design Participants
Lucid Dreaming: a State of Consciousness with Features of Both Waking and Non-Lucid Dreaming Student volunteers trained to become lucid and signal lucidity with horizontal eye... 2009 Observational study n = 6
Nightmare Prevalence, Nightmare Distress, and Self-Reported Psychological Disturbance Young adults with a mean age of 20 years 2002 Prospective observational study n = 116
Long-term effects of extreme situational stress on sleep and dreaming Survivors of traumatic events who complained of sleep disturbances, compared with... 1987 Case-control study n = 11
The relationship of nightmare frequency and nightmare distress to well‐being Adults who reported dreams 2004 Observational cohort n = 147
Dreaming in NREM Sleep: A High-Density EEG Study of Slow Waves and Spindles Healthy human subjects 2018 Observational cohort n = 14

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