Panic disorder in African-Americans: symptomatology and isolated sleep paralysis.
Steven A. Friedman, Cheryl M. Paradis
Culture, medicine and psychiatry June 2002 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016307515418 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | African-Americans with panic disorder, compared with Caucasians with panic disorder |
| Topics | Anxiety |
| Key findings | The authors report that African-Americans with panic disorder showed more intense fears of dying or going crazy, more numbness and tingling in the extremities, higher rates of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder, and more depression than Caucasians. They also report somewhat different coping strategies (religiosity, counting one's blessings), less self-blame, somewhat more dissatisfaction with social supports, and a higher incidence of isolated sleep paralysis. |
Abstract
While attention has been paid to the study of panic disorder (PD) with or without agoraphobia among Caucasians, surprisingly little empirical research within the United States has looked at the phenomenology of PD among minority groups. In this paper we present data we have collected and review other research on the phenomenology, social supports, and coping behavior among African-Americans with panic disorder. Our studies indicate that, in comparison to Caucasians, African-Americans with PD reported more intense fears of dying or going crazy, as well as higher levels of numbing and tingling in their extremities. African-Americans reported higher rates of comorbid post traumatic disorder and more depression. African-Americans also used somewhat different coping strategies (such as religiosity and counting one's blessings), less self-blame, and were somewhat more dissatisfied with social supports. The incidence of isolated sleep paralysis was, as per previous reports, higher in African-Americans. These findings, results of other research, and the implications for assessment and treatment are discussed within a semantic network analysis of panic (Hinton and Hinton 2002, this issue).
Comparable studies
Other narrative reviews on anxiety, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness-based interventions: an overall review General (healthcare, schools, workplace) | 2021 | Review | |
| A Consensus Statement on the Use of Ketamine in the Treatment of Mood Disorders | 2017 | Review and consensus statement | |
| Sudarshan Kriya Yogic Breathing in the Treatment of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression: Part II—Clinical Applications and Guidelines | 2005 | Review | |
| Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology | 2018 | Review | |
| Management of Treatment-Resistant Depression: Challenges and Strategies | 2020 | Review |
Citations in the library
Cited by 15
- Prevalence, incidence, evolution and associated factors of sleep paralysis in a longitudinal study of the US general population. Sleep Medicine October 1, 2022
- Perceived awareness of sleep paralysis phenomenon (old hag syndrome) and its most common risk factors among people from Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical journal December 1, 2021
- Beliefs about sleep paralysis in Turkey: Karabasan attack. Transcultural Psychiatry June 1, 2021
- Sleep paralysis in Italy: Frequency, hallucinatory experiences, and other features. Transcultural Psychiatry June 1, 2021
- How to make the ghosts in my bedroom disappear? Focused-attention meditation combined with muscle relaxation (MR therapy)—a direct treatment intervention for sleep paralysis Frontiers in Psychology July 4, 2016
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