Continuous Social Defeat Induces Depression-Like Symptoms Including Anhedonia and Slowed Time Perception that are Rapidly Reversed by Ketamine
Bin Yin, Sven Thönes, Ruey-Kuang Cheng, Ning Wang, Herbert E. Covington, Warren H. Meck
Timing & Time Perception November 26, 2016 DOI: 10.1163/22134468-00002077 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Preclinical animal study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Male Sprague–Dawley rats exposed to social defeat by aggressive male Long–Evans rats |
| Intervention | Ketamine |
| Dose | 15 mg/kg, i.p. |
| Duration | 10 days of social defeat exposure |
| Topics | Depression Esketamine Ketamine |
| Key points | Continuous social defeat in rats produced depression-like symptoms—reduced body weight, decreased social interaction, increased ultrasonic vocalizations, and anhedonia—along with decreased clock speed when timing 15-second and 45-second intervals. Ketamine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) rapidly reversed anhedonia and caused overproduction of duration, suggesting the procedure alters time perception. |
Abstract
Male Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to social defeat and subordination by aggressive male Long–Evans rats. The social defeat procedure involved the continuous exposure to an aggressive resident for 10 days, while living in a protective cage within the resident’s home cage with daily brief confrontations. These stress experiences resulted in 1) reduced body weight; 2) decreased social interaction; 3) increased ultrasonic vocalizations; 4) reduced sucrose preference (anhedonia); and 5) decreased clock speed while timing 15-s and 45-s target durations in a bi-peak procedure. Treatment with ketamine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a rapid reversal of anhedonia and overproduction of duration. Taken together, these data provide the first evaluation of the effects of continuous social defeat and its associated depression-like symptoms on timing and time perception using a ‘state change’ design.
Comparable studies
Other preclinical and animal studies on ketamine for depression, most cited first.
Citations in the library
Cites 2
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- Ketamine and other N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists in the treatment of depression: a perspective review Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease April 13, 2015