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Profitability and Institutional Constraints to the Adoption of Fertilizer Microdosing in Northwest Benin

Erika Bachmann, David Natcher, Suren Kulshreshtha, Mohamed Nasser Baco, P. B. I. Akponikpe, Derek Peak

Sustainable Agriculture Research May 3, 2016 DOI: 10.5539/sar.v5n3p11 (opens in new tab)

Study at a glance

AI-extracted from the abstract
Characteristics Farmer field trials Peer reviewed
Population Farmers in northwest Benin
Intervention Microdosing
Topics Microdosing
Key findings Microdosing produced lower yields and was less profitable than recommended fertilizer levels on average. The authors argue that adoption is further constrained by institutional factors, including weak input markets, inefficient distribution, affordability and credit limits, liquidity constraints, and policies favoring cotton over food crops for fertilizer allocation.

Abstract

Various agricultural techniques have been developed as components of food security interventions, but their effectiveness in addressing food insecurity in part depends upon the effectiveness of these techniques in fulfilling farmers’ objectives. This paper presents the results of research that examined the constraints that limit the adoption of microdosing by farmers in northwest Benin. The results of farmer field trials indicate that on average, microdosing produced lower yields and proved less profitable than recommended levels. In addition to reduced profitability, numerous institutional constraints were identified that further limit adoption. These constraints include poorly functioning input markets, inefficient distribution systems, limited affordability and credit constraints, liquidity constraints, and government policies that limit cross-border access to inputs as well as the prioritization of fertilizer for cotton production over food crops.

Comparable studies

Other non-randomized and open-label trials on microdosing, most cited first.

Study Year Design Participants
An open-label pilot trial assessing tolerability and feasibility of LSD microdosing in patients with major depressive disorder (LSDDEP1). Patients with major depressive disorder meeting DSM-5 criteria 2023 Open-label pilot trial n = 20
LSD microdosing in major depressive disorder: results from an open-label trial Participants with major depressive disorder, most taking antidepressant medication 2025 Open-label phase 2A trial n = 19
Evaluating the Potential of Microdosing 1cp-LSD for the Treatment of Canine Anxiety: A One-Month Case Study. A 13-year-old female dog with severe separation anxiety 2025 Pilot study, single-case study n = 1
LSD microdosing for major depressive disorder: Mood and pharmacokinetic outcomes from a Phase 2a trial People with depression 2026 Clinical trial
Evaluation of different mineral fertilizer microdosing options to optimize the productivity of Pearl millet hybrids (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) in the central groundnut basin of Senegal Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) hybrids and variety Taaw grown in the groundnut-growing... 2026 Split-plot field trial

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