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Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) dan Psychological Capital Intervention (PCI) untuk Mengurangi Burnout pada Perawat Lansia

Josephine Indah Setyawati, Yudiana Ratnasari

Journal Psikogenesis February 23, 2021 DOI: 10.24854/jps.v8i2.1498 (opens in new tab)

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AI-extracted from the abstract
Characteristics Qualitative study Peer reviewed
Sample size 8
Population Elderly-care nurses at Panti Werdha M in North Jakarta who had worked at least one year and had above-average burnout scores
Intervention Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)
Duration Three MBSR sessions and one PsyCap session, each about 120 minutes; follow-up two weeks after the intervention
Measures Caregiver Burnout instrument based on Maslach and Leiter's (2016) burnout theory
Topics Meditation
Key findings Quantitative and qualitative data indicated that burnout levels decreased after the MBSR and PsyCap intervention, though the personal accomplishment dimension showed no significant change. The authors recommend MBSR and PsyCap as reasonably effective interventions for reducing burnout among elderly-care nurses.

Abstract

Perawat lansia yang bekerja di panti werdha sangat rentan mengalami burnout dan dapat memengaruhi penurunan performa kerja. Salah satu intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu mengatasi stress, menurunkan tingkat burnout dan mengantisipasi terjadinya burnout yaitu Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) menggunakan pendekatan mindfulness, peserta diajak untuk menyadari situasi diri sini dan kini. Untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya burnout, penting juga untuk mengembangkan psychological capital (PsyCap), karakteristik positif yang dapat melindungi diri saat menghadapi situasi sulit, terutama aspek harapan dan optimisme. Peserta yang mengikuti intervensi ini yaitu delapan perawat lansia di Panti Werdha M di Jakarta Utara yang sudah bekerja selama minimal 1 tahun. Pemilihan peserta didasari dari skor burnout yang lebih dari rata-rata populasi perawat di panti tersebut dengan menggunakan instrumen Caregiver Burnout yang didasari teori burnout dari Maslach dan Leiter (2016) dan mengalami penurunan performa kerja berdasarkan evaluasi kinerja. Intervensi yang dilakukan terdiri dari tiga sesi MBSR dan satu sesi PsyCap dengan durasi sekitar 120 menit setiap sesi. Sesi follow-up dilakukan dua minggu setelah intervensi. Data kuantitatif dan kualitatif menunjukkan adanya penurunan tingkat burnout, meski dimensi personal accomplishment tidak menunjukkan perubahan signifikan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan MBSR dan PCI sebagai intervensi yang cukup efektif untuk menurunkan tingkat burnout bagi perawat lansia.

Comparable studies

Other qualitative studies on meditation, most cited first.

Study Year Design Participants
The varieties of contemplative experience: A mixed-methods study of meditation-related challenges in Western Buddhists Western Buddhist meditation practitioners and experts in Theravāda, Zen, and Tibetan... 2017 Qualitative study with mixed-methods
The Effects of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction on Nurse Stress and Burnout Nurses in a hospital system 2004 Implementation study with mixed methods
An exploratory mixed methods study of the acceptability and effectiveness of mindfulness -based cognitive therapy for patients with active depression and anxiety in primary care Primary care patients with recurrent depression or recurrent depression and anxiety 2006 Exploratory mixed methods study n = 13
A qualitative study of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for depression Participants in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in a mental-health context 2001 Qualitative study n = 7
Effortless awareness: using real time neurofeedback to investigate correlates of posterior cingulate cortex activity in meditators' self-report Meditators 2013 Qualitative study using grounded theory methodology

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