Spiritual intelligence, mindfulness, emotional dysregulation, depression relationship with mental well-being among persons with diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic.
Wojujutari Kenni Ajele, Teslim Alabi Oladejo, Abimbola A Akanni, Oyeyemi Bukola Babalola
Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders October 31, 2021 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00927-8 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Cross-sectional survey Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 636 |
| Population | Adults with diabetes aged 32-74 years (mean 40.31, SD 8.40) who were registered patients attending endocrinology clinics at Ondo State Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa and Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja |
| Topics | Depression Meditation |
| Keywords | Mental well-being Spiritual intelligence Emotional dysregulation |
| Key findings | Depression was directly associated with mental well-being in people with diabetes (β = 0.39), and this relationship was moderated by mindfulness and spiritual intelligence. Emotional dysregulation mediated the depression–well-being link (β = 0.46), with mindfulness and spiritual intelligence moderating that indirect path. The authors argue that attention to spiritual intelligence and mindfulness in diabetes management will enhance mental well-being. |
Abstract
Purposes: The study examined the mediation moderated effects of spiritual intelligence and mindfulness on the relationship between emotional dysregulation, depression and mental well-being. It also investigated the mediating effects of mindfulness on the relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being in persons with diabetes.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 636 (age 32-74 years; mean = 40.31; SD = 8.40) people living with diabetes who are registered patients and were attending the clinic in Department of Endocrinology, Ondo State Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa and Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja. The data were analysed using Pearson Multiple correlation and mediation moderated model 29 and mediation model 4 of PROCESS macro. The analyses were carried out with PROCESS macro for IBM/SPSS Version 25.0.
Results: Showed significant and positive direct relationship between depression on mental well-being of person with diabetes, β = 0.39, 95 % CI (0.29, 0.48). Results showed mindfulness (β = 0.00, 95 % CI: 0.00, 0.00) and spiritual intelligence (β = -0.01, 0.00, 95 % CI: -0.01, -0.01) significantly moderated the existing direct relationship between depression and mental well-being of persons with diabetes Results showed significant and positive indirect relationship between depression and mental well-being via emotional dysfunctional of persons with diabetes, β = 0.46, 95 % CI (0.44, 0.48). Results showed mindfulness (β = -0.02, 95 %, CI; -0.03, -0.02) and spiritual intelligence (β = -0.00, 95 %, CI: 00.00, -0.01) significant moderated the existing indirect relationship between depression and mental well-being occurred via emotional dysfunctional of persons with diabetes. Results showed significant direct relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being of persons with diabetes, β = -0.12, 95 %, CI: (0.09, 0.16). Results showed mindfulness significantly mediates the existing direct relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being of persons with diabetes, β = -0.11, 95 %, CI: (0.08, 0.15). Results also significant direct relationship between spiritual and mindfulness of persons with diabetes, β = 0. 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.18, 0.31).
Conclusion: Emotional dysregulation play mediating role of the association between depression and mental well-being of persons with diabetes was moderated by spiritual intelligence and mindfulness. Therefore, the study concludes that pay attention spiritual intelligence and mindfulness in management of diabetes will enhance mental well-being of persons with diabetes.
Comparable studies
Other cross-sectional and survey studies on depression, most cited first.
Citations in the library
Cited by 4
- Effectiveness of Positive-Focused Mindfulness Therapy on Mental Well-being, Quality of Life, and Stress Coping Strategies in Women with Bipolar Disorder KMAN Counseling and Psychology Nexus 2023
- Mindfulness and Spiritual Intelligence: A Systematic Review Behavioral Psychology/Psicología Conductual July 28, 2026
- Lived experiences of spiritual emotional intelligence: a Bhagavad Gitā-based indigenous model of psychological wellbeing Frontiers in Psychology December 11, 2025
- Mindfulness on Symptom Control and Quality of Life in Patients in Palliative Care: A Systematic Review. The American journal of hospice & palliative care July 19, 2023
Cites 3
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- The Impact of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Emotional Wellbeing and Glycemic Control of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Journal of Diabetes Research June 28, 2018
- Motivational and mindfulness intervention for young adult female marijuana users. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment January 2012