[Parasomnias Excluded RBD].
Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo October 2025 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770101105 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Key findings | The authors propose that parasomnias are best classified by the sleep stage in which they arise, into non-REM, REM, and other parasomnias, and argue that accurate diagnosis depends on a detailed history of symptom onset and context combined with polysomnography to identify the underlying mechanism. They stress explaining each disorder to patients and caregivers and providing disorder-specific treatment. |
Abstract
Parasomnia is an undesirable physical phenomena that occurs during sleep and is classified into three groups: non-rapid eye movement (REM), REM, and other parasomnias. Non-REM parasomnias that occur during non-REM sleep include wakefulness disorders, including confusional arousal, sleepwalking, sleep terrors, and newly added sleep-related eating disorders. REM sleep parasomnias related to dream content during REM sleep include isolated sleep paralysis and nightmare disorder, in addition to REM sleep behavior disorder. Other types of parasomnia that are not specific to non-REM sleep and REM sleep include explosive head syndrome, sleep-related hallucinations, sleep enuresis, parasomnia due to physical diseases, and parasomnia due to medicines and substances. It is necessary to conduct a detailed interview about the time of symptom onset and contest of symptoms to confirm whether the mechanism is due to non-REM sleep, REM sleep, or wakefulness with polysomnography and to make a diagnosis. It is important to explain each disease to patients and caregivers and provide treatment for each parasomnia.