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Bladder dysfunction after ketamine abuse

Anders Borg Andersen, Reem Falah Kadhum Alrubaie, Morten Jønler, Tommy Kjærgaard Nielsen

Ugeskrift for Læger March 26, 2026 DOI: 10.61409/v08250665 (opens in new tab)

Study at a glance

AI-extracted from the abstract
Characteristics Case study Case report Peer reviewed
Sample size 1
Population A 29-year-old male with prior testicular cancer and daily ketamine use
Interventions Ketamine Botulinum toxin type A Bladder distension
Topics Esketamine Ketamine
Key findings The authors report that daily ketamine use was associated with severe bladder fibrosis that progressed despite botulinum toxin type A, bladder distension, and medications, leading to hydronephrosis, recurrent urosepsis, acute kidney injury requiring nephrostomies, and eventual Bricker bladder creation. They argue ketamine-associated uropathy is underrecognized and that early cessation and targeted intervention are important.

Abstract

A 29-year-old male with prior testicular cancer and daily ketamine use developed severe lower urinary tract symptoms due to bladder fibrosis. Despite multiple treatments – botulinum toxin type A , bladder distension, and medications - his condition progressed to hydronephrosis, recurrent urosepsis, and acute kidney injury requiring nephrostomies. Eventually, a Bricker bladder was created. The case highlights ketamine-associated uropathy as an ongoing and underrecognized issue, stressing the importance of early cessation and targeted intervention.

Comparable studies

Other case reports and case series on ketamine, most cited first.

Study Year Design Participants
The destruction of the lower urinary tract by ketamine abuse: a new syndrome? Young recreational abusers of street-ketamine in Hong Kong referred to urology units 2008 Retrospective case series n = 59
Electroconvulsive Therapy, Ketamine, and Esketamine in a Patient with Major Depressive Disorder and Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report over 10-year Treatment from Adolescence to Adulthood. A patient with treatment-resistant depression and comorbid generalized anxiety... 2025 Case report n = 1
Treatment of compulsive behaviour in eating disorders with intermittent ketamine infusions Chronic and treatment-resistant eating disorder patients 1998 Case series n = 15
Oral Administration of the NMDA Receptor Antagonist S-Ketamine as Add-On Therapy of Depression: A Case Series Four depressed patients taking standard antidepressants 2009 Case series n = 4
A longitudinal case series of IM ketamine for patients with severe and enduring eating disorders and comorbid treatment‐resistant depression Patients with enduring eating disorders and treatment-resistant depression 2021 Case series n = 4

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