Mindfulness, response styles and dysfunctional attitudes in bipolar disorder.

Study at a glance

Characteristics	Observational cohort Peer reviewed
Population	Individuals with bipolar disorder and healthy controls
Topics	Meditation
Key findings	Compared with healthy controls, the bipolar group showed lower mindfulness and higher rumination, with no significant group difference in dysfunctional attitudes. Mindfulness correlated negatively with depressive symptoms, while rumination correlated positively with depressive and manic symptoms.

Other observational and cohort studies on meditation, most cited first.

Study	Year	Design	Participants
Using Self-Report Assessment Methods to Explore Facets of Mindfulness Undergraduate students	2006	Observational cohort
Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders Patients with generalized anxiety disorder or panic disorder with or without agoraphobia	1992	Observational cohort	n = 22
Meditation experience is associated with increased cortical thickness Participants with extensive Insight meditation experience and matched controls	2005	Observational cohort	n = 20
Meditation experience is associated with differences in default mode network activity and connectivity Experienced meditators and matched meditation-naive controls	2011	Observational cohort
Long-term meditators self-induce high-amplitude gamma synchrony during mental practice Long-term Buddhist practitioners and controls	2004	Observational cohort