Twelve-Week Yoga vs. Aerobic Cycling Initiation in Sedentary Healthy Subjects: A Behavioral and Multiparametric Interventional PET/MR Study
June van Aalst, Lise Jennen, Koen Demyttenaere, Stefan Sunaert, Michel Koole, Jenny Ceccarini, Koen van Laere
Frontiers in Psychiatry October 18, 2021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.739356 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 30 |
| Population | Healthy female volunteers |
| Interventions | Yoga Indoor cycling |
| Duration | 12-week intervention |
| Keywords | Aerobic exercise Cycling Physical therapy |
| Citations | 9 |
| Key findings | Yoga improved interoceptive awareness and perceived cognitive function compared to indoor cycling in healthy female beginners, with no observed differences in brain metabolism or structure. |
Abstract
Interventional yoga studies with an active control group remain scarce and are important to clarify the underlying neurobiology. We conducted an interventional study in healthy controls using simultaneous positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging and psychometric scales. Thirty healthy, female volunteers (28.4 ± 8.4 years) participated and were randomly assigned to a 12-week yoga or indoor cycling intervention. Before and after the intervention, [ 18 F]FDG and [ 11 C]UCB-J PET was performed on a simultaneous GE Signa PET/MR with volumetric imaging. Psychometric scales were evaluated on affect, mindfulness, stress, worrying, self-compassion, and interoceptive awareness. Yoga subjects scored higher on interoceptive awareness compared to baseline ( p < 0.001). Cognitive ( P = 0.009) and overall cognitive functioning ( P = 0.01) improved after the yoga intervention compared to the cycling group. We did not observe significant differences in glucose metabolism, synaptic density, or gray matter (GM) volume. The indoor cycling group did not show changes in psychometric variables, but significant increases in relative glucose metabolism were observed in the parahippocampal/fusiform gyrus and cerebellum ( P < 0.001). In conclusion, 12 weeks of yoga practice has significant effects on interoceptive awareness and perceived cognitive function in starters. Longer interventions and/or higher frequency of yoga practice may be needed to detect cerebral metabolic and/or morphologic effects on the macroscopic level.