Exploring the Philosophy of Consciousness in AI: An Ethical Appraisal
Chelcia B Sangma, Dr. S. Thanigaivelan
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science January 1, 2026 DOI: 10.51584/ijrias.2026.110200077 (opens in new tab) via OpenAlex
Summary
AI-generated from the abstractWhether advanced AI systems could possess forms of awareness comparable to human consciousness is examined through major philosophical perspectives, including dualism, physicalism, functionalism, and panpsychism. The paper investigates whether consciousness is an emergent property of complex computation or a fundamentally non-computational phenomenon. If AI were to attain conscious states, issues concerning moral status, rights, accountability, and the boundaries between human and machine agency would arise. Prematurely attributing consciousness may distort ethical decision-making and public understanding of AI. Philosophical reflection is essential for guiding responsible AI development, ensuring alignment with human values, dignity, and social well-being.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Keywords | Moral agency Agency philosophy Dimension graph theory Philosophical methodology Free will |
| Key finding | Argues that philosophical reflection is essential for guiding responsible AI development, ensuring that technological innovation remains aligned with human values, dignity, and social well-being. |
Abstract
The rapid development of artificial intelligence has revived enduring philosophical questions about the nature of consciousness, mind, and moral responsibility. This paper examines whether advanced AI systems could possess forms of awareness comparable to human consciousness. It analyzes the implications of such a possibility through major philosophical perspectives, including dualism, physicalism, functionalism, and panpsychism. By evaluating contemporary debates in philosophy of mind alongside current technological progress, the study investigates whether consciousness is an emergent property of complex computation or a fundamentally non-computational phenomenon. The ethical dimension is central to this inquiry: if AI were to attain conscious states, issues concerning moral status, rights, accountability, and the boundaries between human and machine agency would arise. The paper also considers the risks of prematurely attributing consciousness, which may distort ethical decision-making and public understanding of AI. Ultimately, this study argues that philosophical reflection is essential for guiding responsible AI development, ensuring that technological innovation remains aligned with human values, dignity, and social well-being.