Body Schema Self-Awareness and Related Dream Content Modifications in Amputees Due to Cancer.

After limb amputation for sarcoma, all patients experienced phantom limb sensations and 35% reported telescoping (the sensation of the missing limb shrinking) soon after surgery, dropping to 25% after 4-6 months. Half of the patients dreamed about still having their missing limbs at both time points. Over time, patients' perceived ability to cope with problems decreased while pain and its interference with daily life increased, though they remained engaged in everyday activities and reported good mood. Dream content analysis revealed that males were less worried about health problems soon after amputation, while women showed more initial difficulties that resolved after 4-6 months. Analyzing dreams may help clinicians support patients during recovery.

Study at a glance

Abstract

the evaluation of body image perception, pain coping strategies, and dream content, together with phantom limb and telescoping phenomena in patients with sarcoma who underwent surgery for limb amputation. consecutive outpatients were evaluated at T0 (within 3 weeks after surgery) and T1 (4-6 months after surgery) as follows: demographic and clinical data collection; the Groningen Questionnaire Problems after Arm Amputation; the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory; the Body Image Concern Inventory, a clinical trial to identify telescoping; and a weekly diary of dreams. Dream contents were coded according to the Hall and Van de Castle coding system. Twenty patients completed the study (15 males and 5 females, mean age: 53.9 ± 24.6, education: 7.8 ± 3.4). All subjects experienced phantom limb and 35% of them experienced telescoping soon after surgery, and 25% still after 4-6 months. Both at T0 and T1, that half of the subjects reported dreams about still having their missing limbs. At T1 the patients' perceptions of being able to deal with problems were lower, and pain and its interference in everyday life were higher yet associated with significant engagement in everyday activities and an overall good mood. The dream content analysis highlighted that males were less worried about health problems soon after amputation, and women showed more initial difficulties that seemed to be resolved after 4-6 months after surgery. The dream content analysis may improve clinicians' ability to support their patients during their therapeutic course.