Learning to Be Conscious.
Axel Cleeremans, Dalila Achoui, Arnaud Beauny, Lars Keuninckx, Jean-Rémy Martin, Santiago Muñoz-Moldes, Laurène Vuillaume, Adélaïde De Heering
Trends in Cognitive Sciences February 1, 2020 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.11.011 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Keywords | Consciousness Global workspace theory Higher-order theories Learning Metacognition Predictive processing |
| Key points | Proposes that consciousness is something the brain learns to do through a self-organizing metarepresentational process, rather than being an inherent property. |
Abstract
Consciousness remains a formidable challenge. Different theories of consciousness have proposed vastly different mechanisms to account for phenomenal experience. Here, appealing to aspects of global workspace theory, higher-order theories, social theories, and predictive processing, we introduce a novel framework: the self-organizing metarerpresentational account (SOMA), in which consciousness is viewed as something that the brain learns to do. By this account, the brain continuously and unconsciously learns to redescribe its own activity to itself, so developing systems of metarepresentations that qualify target first-order representations. Thus, experiences only occur in experiencers that have learned to know they possess certain first-order states and that have learned to care more about certain states than about others. In this sense, consciousness is the brain's (unconscious, embodied, enactive, nonconceptual) theory about itself.
Citations in the library
Cited by 56
- Theories of consciousness. Nature Reviews Neuroscience July 1, 2022
- Consciousness matters: phenomenal experience has functional value. Neuroscience of Consciousness 2022
- Adversarial testing of global neuronal workspace and integrated information theories of consciousness. Nature June 1, 2025
- Unpacking the complexities of consciousness: Theories and reflections. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews March 1, 2025
- The evolutionary origins of the Global Neuronal Workspace in vertebrates. Neuroscience of Consciousness 2023
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and 25 more in the library