Phenomenon of new drugs on the Internet: the case of ketamine derivative methoxetamine
Ornella Corazza, Fabrizio Schifano, Pierluigi Simonato, Suzanne Fergus, Sulaf Assi, Jacqueline L. Stair, John Corkery, Giuseppina Trincas, Paolo Deluca, Zoe Davey, Ursula Blaszko, Zsolt Demetrovics, Jacek Moskalewicz, Aurora Enea, Giuditta di Melchiorre, Barbara Mervó, Lucia di Furia, Magı́ Farré, Liv Flesland, Manuela Pasinetti, Cinzia Pezzolesi, Agnieszka Pisarska, Harry L. Shapiro, Holger Siemann, Arvid Skutle, Elias Sferrazza, Marta Torrens, Peer van der Kreeft, Daniela Zummo, Norbert Scherbaum
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental March 1, 2012 DOI: 10.1002/hup.1242 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Topics | Esketamine Ketamine |
| Keywords | Phenomenon The internet Scientific literature Recreation Intervention counseling Dissociative Drug Action physics Internet privacy World wide web Epistemology Law |
| Citations | 157 |
| Key findings | The online availability of information on novel psychoactive drugs such as methoxetamine constitutes a pressing public health challenge. |
Abstract
On the basis of the material available both in the scientific literature and on the web, this paper aims to provide a pharmacological, chemical and behavioural overview of the novel compound methoxetamine. This is a dissociative drug related to ketamine, with a much longer duration of action and intensity of effects. A critical discussion of the availability of information on the web of methoxetamine as a new recreational trend is here provided. Those methodological limitations, which are intrinsically associated with the analysis of online, non-peer reviewed, material, are here discussed as well. It is concluded that the online availability of information on novel psychoactive drugs, such as methoxethanine, may constitute a pressing public health challenge. Better international collaboration levels and novel forms of intervention are necessary to tackle this fast-growing phenomenon.
Comparable studies
Other narrative reviews on ketamine, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ketamine and Ketamine Metabolite Pharmacology: Insights into Therapeutic Mechanisms | 2018 | Review | |
| Mechanisms of Ketamine Action as an Antidepressant | 2018 | Review | |
| Synthesizing the Evidence for Ketamine and Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: An International Expert Opinion on the Available Evidence and Implementation Adults with treatment-resistant depression | 2021 | Review | |
| Ketamine Pharmacology: An Update (Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Aspects, Recent Findings) | 2013 | Review | |
| A Consensus Statement on the Use of Ketamine in the Treatment of Mood Disorders | 2017 | Review and consensus statement |
Citations in the library
Cited by 47
- Novel psychoactive substances of interest for psychiatry World Psychiatry February 1, 2016
- 'Surfing the Silk Road': a study of users' experiences. International Journal of Drug Policy November 1, 2013
- Lifetime experience with (classic) psychedelics predicts pro-environmental behavior through an increase in nature relatedness Journal of Psychopharmacology June 20, 2017
- The ketamine analogue methoxetamine and 3- and 4-methoxy analogues of phencyclidine are high affinity and selective ligands for the glutamate NMDA receptor. PLoS One June 14, 2016
- From “Special K” to “Special M”: The Evolution of the Recreational Use of Ketamine and Methoxetamine CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics June 1, 2013
and 42 more in the library
Cites 7
- Designer Drugs on the Internet: A Phenomenon Out-of-Control? The Emergence of Hallucinogenic Drug Bromo-Dragonfly Current reviews in clinical and experimental pharmacology May 1, 2011
- Psychoactive drug or mystical incense? Overview of the online available information on Spice products International Journal of Culture and Mental Health December 1, 2009
- Ketamine administration in healthy volunteers reproduces aberrant agency experiences associated with schizophrenia. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry February 6, 2011
- Near-Death States Reported in a Sample of 50 Misusers Substance Use & Misuse March 1, 2010
- Ketamine perturbs perception of the flow of time in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology May 21, 2011
and 2 more in the library