Evaluation of Early Ketamine Effects on Belief-Updating Biases in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression
Hugo Bottemanne, Orphée Morlaàs, Anne Claret, T. Sharot, Philippe Fossati, Liane Schmidt
JAMA Psychiatry September 28, 2022 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2996 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Case-control study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Patients with treatment-resistant depression |
| Intervention | Ketamine |
| Duration | 4 hours after first infusion; 1-week follow-up |
| Topics | Depression Esketamine Ketamine |
| Citations | 59 |
| Key findings | Belief updating became more optimistically biased as soon as 4 hours after a first ketamine infusion, and this effect mediated the clinical antidepressant response at 1 week. |
Abstract
Key Points Question What are the effects of ketamine on belief updating in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD)? Findings This case-control study in patients with TRD showed that belief updating became more optimistically biased as soon as 4 hours after a first ketamine infusion. This early cognitive effect of ketamine was formalized by stronger asymmetrical reinforcement learning and mediated at 1 week of treatment the clinical antidepressant effect. Meaning These findings provide new perspectives for the understanding of the cognitive effects of fast-acting antidepressants that potentially can be leveraged to promote sustained clinical improvement and treatment responsiveness.
Comparable studies
Other observational and cohort studies on ketamine for depression, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Concomitant BDNF and sleep slow wave changes indicate ketamine-induced plasticity in major depressive disorder Patients with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder | 2012 | Observational cohort | n = 30 |
| Altered peripheral immune profiles in treatment-resistant depression: response to ketamine and prediction of treatment outcome Healthy controls and actively depressed patients with treatment-resistant depression... | 2017 | Observational cohort | n = 59 |
| Clinical Predictors of Ketamine Response in Treatment-Resistant Major Depression Treatment-resistant inpatients with DSM-IV-TR-diagnosed major depressive disorder or... | 2014 | Post hoc analysis of pooled data from four studies | n = 108 |
| An investigation of amino-acid neurotransmitters as potential predictors of clinical improvement to ketamine in depression Drug-free patients with major depressive disorder | 2011 | Observational cohort | n = 14 |
| Efficacy of ketamine therapy in the treatment of depression Drug-free/naïve men with severe depression, no history of psychotic disorder, head... | 2019 | Observational cohort | n = 25 |