REALITAS JIWA SEBAGAI BASIS ONTO-EPISTEMOLOGI PENGALAMAN RELIGIUS
Kanz Philosophia A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism December 31, 2020 DOI: 10.20871/kpjipm.v6i2.93 (opens in new tab)
Summary
AI-generated from the abstractNeuroscience often interprets religious experience as a symptom of brain disorders, equating the soul with measurable brain activity, which would reduce prophetic revelations to neurological malfunction. This paper argues against that view by examining the ontological and epistemological foundations of religious experience through the lens of Al-Ḥikmah Muta’āliyah, the philosophical school founded by Mulla Ṣadrā. Using a descriptive-analytic method, the study shows that Ṣadrā's concept of graded levels of existence (wujūd) includes the soul as an immaterial substance capable of perceiving metaphysical objects, such as divine emanations. This framework provides a basis for understanding religious experience as genuine rather than pathological.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Citations | 2 |
| Key finding | Argues that Al-Ḥikmah Muta’āliyah provides a framework for understanding religious experience as grounded in an immaterial soul that perceives metaphysical objects, countering the neuroscience view that reduces such experience to brain disorders. |
Abstract
A religious experience in the neuroscience view is interpreted as a symptom of neurological disorders of the brain. The neuroscience view is one of the various views that deny the reality of religious experience. Through empirical research instruments, neuroscientists have found that the soul is identical to the brain, which means that every activity can be measured through the brain. This has implications for the experiences of the Prophets in receiving revelations as the result of brain disorders. This paper seeks to explain religious experience through its ontological basis, namely the existence of immaterial existence and the existence of the soul, as well as its epistemological basis, namely the performance of the faculty of knowledge, both of which cannot be separated. The research method used is descriptive-analytic with the philosophical approach of the soul of Al-Ḥikmah Muta’āliyah. The results of this study indicate that the Al-Ḥikmah Muta’āliyah which was founded by Mulla Ṣadrā proves the existence of the wujūd levels, including the soul, explaining the various levels of perception carried out by the soul corresponding to the various levels of existence. Ṣadrā thought can explain the concept of the soul as an immaterial substance that can perceive metaphysical objects as the emanation of God