Exploring barriers and opportunities for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) therapists in psychedelic-assisted therapy: A qualitative study

Abstract Background and aims Psychedelic-assisted therapies (PAT) have emerged as promising treatments for mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and trauma-related disorders. However, the underrepresentation of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) in PAT research and clinical practice limits equitable access and the generalizability of outcomes. This study explored the perspectives of BIPOC therapists on opportunities and barriers to engaging in PAT, with the aim of identifying strategies to foster inclusivity and equity in the field.

Methods: Using a qualitative design, we conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 18 licensed therapists and healthcare professionals identifying as BIPOC. Data collection explored participants' experiences with PAT, perceived barriers and opportunities, and perspectives on cultural diversity within the field. Template analysis was conducted on transcribed audio recordings.

Results: Key ‘Opportunities’ themes included the potential for BIPOC therapists to enhance diversity in PAT, foster safety and trust for clients of color, and provide culturally attuned care to address trauma rooted in systemic oppression. Participants identified ‘Barriers’ such as financial and geographic inaccessibility of training, exclusionary training environments, stigma associated with psychedelics, and the extractive nature of current Western therapeutic models. To address these challenges, participants recommended culturally responsive training programs, mentorship opportunities, financial support, and community education to reduce stigma and increase engagement. Most participants identified as African American/Black, which may limit transferability of findings to other BIPOC groups.

Conclusion: This study underscores the critical role of BIPOC therapists in advancing equity and cultural responsiveness in PAT and highlights the need for intentional efforts to create equitable, culturally informed models of care.