Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Integration Processes for Extended Difficulties Following Challenging Psychedelic Experiences: A Qualitative Investigation

Abstract Background As interest in psychedelics grows, concerns remain about ethical use and the documentation of adverse psychological effects. Use is increasing, yet long-term challenges - particularly among adolescents and young adults - are under-researched. This group is especially vulnerable, highlighting the need to understand how psychedelic-related challenges are experienced in naturalistic contexts.

Methods: This qualitative study used reflexive thematic analysis to explore the experiences of ten individuals aged 15–25 following challenging psychedelic episodes with extended difficulties lasting longer than a day. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to examine themes around psychedelic integration, emerging adulthood, support-seeking strategies and available education about harm reduction strategies.

Results: Participants reported a range of emotional, cognitive and relational difficulties, as well as diverse strategies for making sense of their experiences. Key themes included the importance of preparation, supportive relationships and developmentally appropriate integration.

Conclusions: Findings underscore the need for age-specific harm reduction and integration services. Improved safety protocols and psychoeducation could help reduce long-term distress and support more ethical use of psychedelics in clinical and informal settings.