Moral decision-making, ToM, empathy and the default mode network
Renate Reniers, Rhiannon Corcoran, Birgit Vӧllm, Asha Mashru, Richard Howard, Peter F. Liddle
Biological Psychology March 20, 2012 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.03.009 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Observational cohort Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Human participants |
| Topics | Default mode network |
| Keywords | Empathy Psychopathy Internalism and externalism Theory of mind Moral reasoning Mirror neuron Cognitive psychology Deliberation Feeling Morality Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Moral disengagement Cognition Epistemology Personality |
| Citations | 168 |
| Key findings | Moral decision-making engages Theory of Mind, empathy, and default mode networks more than non-moral decision-making, and higher primary psychopathy scores trend with reduced prefrontal activation during moral decisions. |
Abstract
Automatic intuitions and deliberate reasoning, sourcing internal representations of our personal norms and values, contribute to our beliefs of what is right and wrong. We used fMRI to directly compare moral (M) and non-moral (NM) decision-making processes using scenarios requiring conscious deliberation, whereby the main character declared an intention to take a course of action. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between BOLD signal, associated with M>NM decision-making, and moral judgment competence, psychopathy, and empathy. We observed greater activity in various parts of Theory of Mind, empathy and default mode networks during M>NM decision-making. There was a trend for high scores on primary psychopathy to correlate with decreased M>NM BOLD activation in an area extending from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to medial prefrontal cortex. We suggest that moral decision-making entails a greater degree of internally directed processing, such as self-referential mental processing and the representation of intentions and feelings, than non-moral decision-making.