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AYAHUASCA: UM SAGRADO SELVAGEM QUE BASTIDE NÃO CONHECEU

Drance Elias Da Silva, João Paulo Reis Braga

PARALELLUS Revista de Estudos de Religião - UNICAP December 2, 2019 DOI: 10.25247/paralellus.2019.v10n23.p019-039 (opens in new tab) via OpenAlex

Summary

AI-generated from the abstract

Ayahuasca, an entheogenic drink made from the vine Banisteriopsis caapi and leaves of Psychotria viridis, has been used for millennia in indigenous rituals and for decades in urban religions like Santo Daime and União do Vegetal. This article examines the theories of French scholar Roger Bastide, who studied Afro-Brazilian religions and concepts such as the domestication of the "wild sacred" and trance as a "liturgical game" akin to theatrical performance. The analysis suggests that Ayahuasca-induced trance transcends some of Bastide's premises. Bastide's ideas about domesticating the wild sacred apply to ayahuasca religions like União do Vegetal, though institutional reality does not fully align with his predictions.

Study at a glance

Characteristics Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed
Topics Ayahuasca
Keywords Humanities Art Geography
Key finding Argues that the trance provoked by Ayahuasca transcends some of Roger Bastide's premises about religious trance, while his concept of 'domestication of the wild sacred' is partially observable in ayahuasca religions like União do Vegetal, though not in full harmony with his predictions.

Abstract

A Ayahuasca é uma bebida enteógena feita por meio da união de duas plantas: um cipó chamado Mariri (Banisteriopsis caapi) e as folhas de uma árvore chamada Chacrona (Psychotria viridis). O Chá Ayahuasca vem sendo usado há milhares de anos em rituais religiosos indígenas, e há algumas décadas em religiões urbanas como o Santo Daime e a União do Vegetal. A Ayahuasca é considerada uma bebida sagrada por todos que a utilizam regularmente em contexto religioso. Roger Bastide foi um teórico francês, que veio para o Brasil em 1938 e estudou durante muitos anos as religiões afro-brasileiras, dando enfoque a fenômenos como: a administração do sagrado, o sentimento de vergonha, e o processo de “domesticação” e persistência do “sagrado selvagem”. O presente artigo analisou também o conceito bastidiano de transe como “um jogo litúrgico”, que segundo ele, aproxima-se de uma “representação teatral”. As conclusões desse artigo sugerem que o transe provocado pela Ayahuasca transcende algumas das premissas bastidianas. Os resultados demonstraram ainda que as considerações que Bastide faz a respeito do processo de “domesticação do sagrado selvagem” podem ser observadas em religiões ayahuasqueiras como a União do Vegetal, ainda que em alguns pontos, a realidade da instituição não esteja em total consonância com as previsões feitas por Bastide.Palavras-chave: Ayahuasca. Bastide. Sagrado Selvagem. Transe Religioso. Enteógeno AYAHUASCA: A WILD SACRED WHICH BASTIDE DID NOT KNOWAbstractAyahuasca is an entheogenic drink made by the union of two plants: a vine called Mariri (Banisteriopsis caapi) and the leaves of a tree called Chacrona (Psychotria viridis). Ayahuasca tea has been used for thousands of years in indigenous religious rituals, and for decades in urban religions such as Santo Daime and União do Vegetal. Ayahuasca is considered a sacred drink by all who use it regularly in a religious context. Roger Bastide was a French theorist, who came to Brazil in 1938 and studied for many years the Afro-Brazilian religions, focusing on phenomena such as: the administration of the sacred, the feeling of shame, and the process of "domestication" and persistence of the "wild sacred". The present article also analyzed the Bastidian concept of trance as "a liturgical game", which he said, approaches a "theatrical representation". The conclusions of this article suggest that the trance provoked by Ayahuasca transcends some of the bastidian premises. The results also demonstrated that Bastide's considerations regarding the process of "domestication of the wild sacred" can be observed in ayahuasca religions like União do Vegetal, although in some points, the reality of the institution is not in total harmony with the predictions made by Bastide.Keywords: Ayahuasca; Roger Bastide; Wild Sacred; Religious Transe; Entheogen.

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