Hallucinogens and dissociative drugs
Oxford University Press eBooks August 1, 2016 DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198714750.003.0015 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Topics | Psilocybin |
| Keywords | Hallucinogen Dissociative |
| Citations | 15 |
| Key findings | Hallucinogens and dissociative drugs produce characteristic clinical syndromes including flashbacks, and dependence is rare except for ketamine. |
Abstract
Abstract Chapter 15 of Addiction Medicine covers hallucinogens and dissociative drugs. Hallucinogens are a large and diverse group of substances, some of which occur in fungi and plants and some which are chemically synthesized. Psychostimulants described in this chapter include psilocybin, mescaline, ayahuasca, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and NBOMes and tryptamines. Dissociative drugs include ketamine, phencyclidine (PCP), and nitrous oxide. The prevalence and mode of use of these drugs is described together with their pharmacological effects. The clinical syndromes of acute intoxication and chronic use, flashbacks, psychosis, acute anxiety state, and acute and chronic brain syndromes are described, flashbacks being particularly characteristic of this group. Management of the acute toxicity syndrome is outlined. It is noted that dependence does not occur on most hallucinogens, although is described for ketamine.