Psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: What do we know so far?
Nelson Descalço, Ana Beatriz Medeiros, Cátia Fernandes Santos, Guilherme Borges
European Psychiatry April 1, 2021 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1114 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Non-systematic review Open-label Case report Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Topics | Psilocybin |
| Keywords | Obsessive compulsive Hallucinogen Clinical trial Clinical psychology Psychotherapist |
| Citations | 1 |
| Key findings | Only one open-label non-randomized study directly assessed psilocybin's effects on OCD patients, finding acute reductions in obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and case reports describe improvement with off-label use. |
Abstract
Introduction: Psilocybin is a naturally occurring plant alkaloid in mushrooms and a prodrug of psilocin. It is a serotonin receptor (5-HT2A) agonist and known psychedelic, with similar hallucinatory properties to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It has been identified as a safe and effective option in treatment-resistant depression. Literature focus mainly on its use on depressive but its interest in other psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has grown.
Objectives: To review the clinical evidence for the use of hallucinogens such as psilocybin in OCD.
Methods: Non-systematic review of literature found on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using the keywords “obsessive-compulsive disorder”, “psilocybin” and “hallucinogens”. Articles may include clinical trials, case report or case series. Articles found were admitted according to their relevance for the topic in review; only articles in English were included. Ongoing research trials on this topic were checked on ClinicalTrials.gov.
Results: So far, only one open-label non-randomized study directly assessed the effects of psilocybin on OCD patients that found acute reductions of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Case reports of patients improving with off-label use of psilocybin are reported. There are two ongoing phase I research trials, aiming to explore the effect of the substance on symptomatology, hypothesizing that psilocybin will normalize cerebral connectivity and thus correlate with clinical improvement.
Conclusions: More research to establish the usefulness of psilocybin in OCD patients is needed; the collected data is encouraging are there may be a role for its use on this disorder.