Effects of Chemical Stimulation of Electrically-Induced Phosphenes on their Bandwidth, Shape, Number and Intensity
M. Knoll, J Kugler, Oskar Höfer, S.d. Lawder
Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 1963 DOI: 10.1159/000104299 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Experimental study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 1 |
| Population | One human subject |
| Interventions | mescaline psilocybin LSD |
| Topics | Psilocybin |
| Keywords | Phosphene Stimulation Bandwidth computing Intensity physics Biomedical engineering Optics |
| Citations | 57 |
| Key findings | Chemical stimulation with mescaline, psilocybin, or LSD increases the intensity, bandwidth, and number of electrically-induced phosphenes. |
Abstract
The perception of patterns not resulting from viewing external objects but stimulated by cranial electrodes with pulse currents within the electroencephalographic frequency range (‘phosphenes’) has been investigated in earlier work. The experiments described in this paper were undertaken to observe in one subject effects of chemical stimulation (by mescaline, psilocybin and LSD) on electrically-induced phosphenes as to their bandwidth, shape, number and intensity. An increase of two electrically-induced ‘control’ patterns in intensity and bandwidth and the production of a great number of new phosphene patterns with large bandwidth and intensity have been observed. These new drug-induced phosphenes prevailed during simultaneous electrical and maximum chemical stimulation (Fig. 22). From the experimental results a cybernetic model of a pulse-driven phosphene resonator can be derived.
Comparable studies
Other experimental studies on psilocybin, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psilocybin induces schizophrenia-like psychosis in humans via a serotonin-2 agonist action Healthy human volunteers | 1998 | Experimental study | |
| Validation of the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire in experimental sessions with psilocybin Participants in controlled laboratory experiments receiving a moderate to high oral... | 2015 | Validation study using pooled data from five laboratory experiments | n = 184 |
| Broadband Cortical Desynchronization Underlies the Human Psychedelic State Healthy human participants | 2013 | Experimental study | |
| Long-term follow-up of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric and existential distress in patients with life-threatening cancer Participants with cancer-related psychiatric distress who completed a parent randomized... | 2020 | Long-term within-subjects follow-up analysis | n = 15 |
| Enzymatic Synthesis of Psilocybin | 2017 | Laboratory study |
Citations in the library
Cited by 8
- Phenomenology, Structure, and Dynamic of Psychedelic States Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences 2016
- Enhancement of Creative Expression and Entoptic Phenomena as After-Effects of Repeated Ayahuasca Ceremonies Journal of Psychoactive Drugs July 1, 2012
- Altered states phenomena induced by visual flicker light stimulation PLoS One July 1, 2021
- States Of Consciousness in Sleep, Dream and Beyond: A Biothermodynamic and Neurocybernetic Evolutionary Study Journal of Intelligent Systems February 1, 2000
- Neural dynamics of stroboscopic stimulation at different stimulation frequencies bioRxiv June 29, 2021
and 3 more in the library