Psychedelics and ketamine/esketamine in depressive disorders: biological mechanisms and associated neuroimaging and clinical changes.
Giacomo D’andrea, Stefania Chiappini, Laura Ciavoni, Rolando Tucci, Fabrizio Martino, Francesco Maria Semeraro, Daniele Di Battista, Alessio Mosca, Andrea Miuli, Francesco di Carlo, Mirella Russo, Gilberto Di Petta, Michele Fornaro, Mauro Pettorruso, Stefano L. Sensi, Giovanni Martinotti
Transl Psychiatry October 31, 2025 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-025-03654-3 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Interventions | Psychedelics Ketamine Esketamine |
| Topics | Depression Ketamine Neuroplasticity Psychedelic-assisted therapy Esketamine |
| Keywords | Psychedelics Compounds Innovative therapies Effective therapies Psychedelic medicine Psychopharmacology Depressive symptoms Struggling with depression Mood disorders Mental health Brain changes Biological impacts Observable brain alterations Neural connectivity Neurobiology Brain science |
| Citations | 3 |
| Key findings | Psychedelics and ketamine/esketamine produce antidepressant effects through modulation of glutamate and serotonin systems, promotion of neuroplasticity, and alterations in brain connectivity and network function, as observed in neuroimaging studies. |
Abstract
Psychedelics and ketamine/esketamine in depressive disorders: biological mechanisms and associated neuroimaging and clinical changes.