Keeping the promise: a critique of the current state of microdosing research
Rotem Petranker, Thomas Anderson, Youval Aberman, Marik Hazan, Paul Seli, Emily C. Fewster, Michael S. Gaffrey
Frontiers in Psychiatry February 5, 2024 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1217102 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Systematic review Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Topics | Microdosing |
| Keywords | Engineering ethics |
| Citations | 14 |
| Key findings | It is premature to draw conclusions about the efficacy or safety of microdosing because the research quality cannot be considered confirmatory. |
Abstract
Introduction: The practice of taking small, sub-hallucinogenic doses of psychedelics, known as microdosing, has exploded in popularity over the last decade. Users claim benefits ranging from improved mood and enhanced creativity to an increased sense of meaning and connectedness in life. While research on microdosing is still lagging behind the shift in public opinion, several papers have been published in the last five years which attempted to assess the effects of microdosing.
Methods: This review paper aimed to critically analyze the research practices used in the recent wave of microdosing research: We reviewed 15 papers published before the closing date of this review in March 2022.
Results: Our review concludes that it is premature to draw any conclusions about the efficacy or safety of microdosing since the research quality cannot be considered confirmatory.
Discussion: We propose some potential causes for the current state of the literature and some suggestions for how these causes may be ameliorated.
Comparable studies
Other systematic reviews and meta-analyses on microdosing, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| The emerging science of microdosing: A systematic review of research on low dose psychedelics (1955–2021) and recommendations for the field Human participants in microdosing studies | 2022 | Systematic review | n = 44 |
| The utility of microdosing over the past 5 years Drugs with published comparisons of microdose and therapeutic dose pharmacokinetics | 2008 | Systematic review | n = 18 |
| The therapeutic potential of microdosing psychedelics in depression Healthy volunteers and patient samples | 2020 | Systematic review | |
| Potential safety, benefits, and influence of the placebo effect in microdosing psychedelic drugs: A systematic review | 2020 | Systematic review | |
| Microdosing Psychedelics: Current Evidence From Controlled Studies. Healthy adults | 2024 | Systematic review |
Citations in the library
Cited by 11
- Global Trends in Psychedelic Microdosing: Demographics, Substance Testing Behavior, and Patterns of Use Journal of Psychoactive Drugs November 6, 2024
- Side effects of microdosing lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin: A systematic review of potential physiological and psychiatric outcomes Neuropharmacology March 7, 2025
- The effect of psychedelic microdosing on animal behavior: A review with recommendations for the field Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews May 9, 2025
- Microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder: study protocol for a phase II double-blind placebo-controlled randomised partial crossover trial BJPsych Open February 16, 2026
- Salience, sensemaking, and setting in psilocybin microdosing: Methodological lessons and preliminary findings of a mixed method qualitative study Philosophical Psychology September 26, 2024
and 6 more in the library
Cites 45
- Psilocybin can occasion mystical-type experiences having substantial and sustained personal meaning and spiritual significance Psychopharmacology July 7, 2006
- Mind the Hype: A Critical Evaluation and Prescriptive Agenda for Research on Mindfulness and Meditation Perspectives on Psychological Science October 10, 2017
- REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics Pharmacological Reviews June 20, 2019
- Psychedelic effects of psilocybin correlate with serotonin 2A receptor occupancy and plasma psilocin levels Neuropsychopharmacology January 26, 2019
- Ego-Dissolution and Psychedelics: Validation of the Ego-Dissolution Inventory (EDI) Frontiers in Human Neuroscience June 14, 2016
and 40 more in the library