We explored body‐scan postures suitable for people with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tendency by developing and validating the Mindfulness Encouraging/Discouraging Reactions Scales (MERS/MDRS), using university students. In Study 1, we conducted a survey to collect typical positive and negative reactions during mindfulness exercises from 21 participants and created the...
Abstract The self is, at least partially, grounded in bodily processing. In particular, processing the physiological state of the body (i.e., interoception) plays a key role in self‐consciousness and the first‐person experience. The present study examined cultural differences in interoceptive processing. We focused on a behavioral measure of cardiac processing, which was assessed using a...
Abstract: The history of the study of Zen and psychology is divided into four periods based on Kato (1999). The contributions of the psychophysiological study of the body and mind, such as the use of the electroencephalogram during Zen meditation, are described. Key names in this field are K. Sato and Akishige, who organized the project team for the study of Zen and endeavored to give these...