THE IMPLICATION OF CHALMERS' ONTO-EPISTEMOLOGICAL PROPERTY DUALISM ON THE HARD PROBLEM OF CONSCIOUSNESS
On the issues July 1, 2024 Fadhlur Rahman, Alim Roswantoro, Kholid Al Walid et al.
David Chalmers' property dualism, which treats consciousness as a fundamental feature of reality present in all entities (pan-physicalism), is examined through the lens of Neosadrian Islamic philosophy. Chalmers argues that consciousness emerges from complex material processes while remaining distinct from matter, and that epiphenomenal interaction offers the best explanation for the hard problem of consciousness. Neosadrian thinkers critique this view, contending that Chalmers' pan-physicalism fails to establish an ontological relationship between consciousness and matter, leaving the ontological gap unresolved, and that it violates the principle that from the One only one can proceed, while improperly elevating structured reality over simple reality.